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Tokugawa (Edo) shogunate

The Togugawa shogunate (named after the rulers) or Edo (named after the capital) was formed as a result of the unification of Japan by Tokugawa Ieyasu in 1603.
Shogun is the commander in chief. During the shogunate, the emperor had no real power. Formally, he was considered the head of the country and was even considered a “living god,” but he officially delegated his powers to the shogun. The imperial capital was in Kyoto.

In the mid-19th century, active penetration of Western countries (primarily the United States) into Japan began. Under pressure, several trade agreements were signed that infringed on Japan's rights. Protests and killings of foreigners began. In response, in September 1864, the combined fleet of England, the United States, France and the Netherlands bombarded the opposition stronghold of Choshu.
In 1866, the shogun accepted the foreigners' ultimatum. The death of Emperor Osahito galvanized opponents of Tokugawa Keiki.
In January 1868, the shogun was defeated in battle and fled.
On January 3, 1868, the new Emperor Meiji issued the Decree on the Restoration of Imperial Rule.

Tokugawa (Edo) shogunate 1603-1867