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Catalogue of Mexican coins
Spanish Mexico - Viceroyalty of New Spain (1521-1821)
During the Spanish rule in Mexico, coins were minted in traditional Spanish denominations - escudos and reales (Escudo = 16 reales).





Coins 1821-1867
Fearing a revolution, the Mexican elite initially relied on the metropolis. But when revolutionary fermentation began in Spain itself, the gentlemen spread to the camp of supporters of independence.
One of these defectors was Colonel Agustin de Iturbide. Joining the rebels, he captured Mexico City in 1821, where the "Declaration of Independence of the Mexican Empire" was promulgated. Iturbide proclaimed himself emperor under the name Agustin I and began to mint coins in denominations of 1/8 and 1/4 real (copper), 1/2 real, 1, 2, 4 and 8 reales (silver), 4 and 8 escudos (gold).
In March 1823 the Republic was established. During the First Republic, the lowest denomination was a 0.903 silver coin worth 1/2 real. This was followed by 1, 2 and 8 reales, which had the same silver content. In addition, 8 escudos were issued in gold of a rather low,
0.675 (under the emperor they minted in the 0.875). Later they began to mint silver 4 reales, as well as various copper parts of the real, of the most diverse type, which now have a high numismatic value.
In 1861-1867, Mexico had to endure foreign intervention. The Anglo-French-Spanish invasion led to the emergence of the second Mexican Empire with Maximilian I of Habsburg at the head (reigned 1864-1867). Under Maximilian, a decimal reform was carried out, the result of which was the introduction of the peso, equal to 100 centavos.


Coins since 1867
The liberals who came to power held out until 1876, when the elected president was overthrown and General Porfirio Diaz came to power. The years of his reign are called "porphyriat" - the time of the oligarchic dictatorship, when freedoms were ruthlessly curtailed, the population became impoverished, and the oligarchs profited by appropriating land and attracting foreign investment on unfavorable terms for the country.
The design of coins at that time changed little, but there were a huge number of variations due to the presence of several mints. So, in 1900, four mints issued a coin of 10 centavos at once. In 1905, a coin of 2 centavos, which was previously absent in the line of denominations, appeared, and 5 centavos acquired an unusual circular pattern on the obverse and began to be minted from nickel.
In 1910, another revolution began, followed by a civil war. A woman on a horse appeared on the coins, waving branches and a burning torch. By 1916, about 20 different currencies were in circulation in Mexico, issued by warring army commanders and state governors.
In 1934, Lazaro Cardenas came to power. The nationalization of the economy and an active agrarian policy led to an economic recovery that continued until the crisis of the 1980s. The design of the Mexican coins of that time was distinguished by rare conservatism. But in 1936, a nod to the Indian heritage was made. On the reverse of the coins in 5 and 10 centavos appeared the image of the Aztec calendar.
In 1946, a coin of 20 centavos was issued, on the obverse of which was placed an image of the Pyramid of the Sun from the ancient city of Teotihuacan, against the backdrop of volcanoes and a Phrygian cap emitting rays.
The following year, it was the turn to change images to pesos. The Mexicans could still afford to mint this money out of silver. On the obverse of the 1 peso coin there was a metal sample, a portrait and the name of Jose Maria Morelos, the commander in chief in the war for independence. A portrait of Cuauhtemoc, the last ruler of the Aztec state, was placed on a 5 peso coin.
By the beginning of the 80s there was a turn to the past, to the value of the ancient Indian civilizations, the heirs of which the Mexicans would like to see themselves. On the coins appears the head of the god Quetzalcoatl from the ancient city of Teotihuacan, the image of a ball game from the ancient city of Chincultic, with the inscription "Maya Culture", the image of the goddess Coyolxauca from the Aztec Great Temple in Mexico City. But inflation was unwinding, and only the leaders of the war of independence were placed on the face value of 50, 100, 200, 1000, and then 5000 pesos.
By the end of the 1980s, inflation was stabilized and the peso was fixed against the dollar, but already in the 1990s a new crisis broke out. And on January 1, 1993, the denomination was held. Back in 1992, bimetallic 1, 2, 5 "new pesos" were issued without any portraits and 10 pesos with the image of the "stone of the sun" of the Aztecs. The new stainless steel and aluminum bronze centavos also did not have portraits. However, inflation cannot be stopped so easily, and soon 20 and 50 new pesos with portraits had to be minted.
Brief catalog

- 1 peso 1869-1873
- 1 peso 1898-1909
- 50 centavos 1869-1887
- 25 centavos 1869-1892
- 20 centavos 1898-1905
- 10 centavos 1867-1869
- 10 centavos 1871-1897
- 10 centavos 1898-1905
- 5 centavos 1869-1897
- 5 centavos 1882-1883
- 5 centavos 1898-1904
- 2 centavos 1882-1883
- 1 centavo 1869-1897
- 1 centavo 1882-1883
- 1 centavo 1898
- 1 centavo 1899-1905

- 1000 pesos 1988-1992
- 500 pesos 1986-1992
- 100 pesos 1977-1979
- 100 pesos 1984-1992
- 50 pesos 1982-1984
- 50 pesos 1984-1988
- 50 pesos 1988-1992
- 50 new pesos 1993-1995
- 20 pesos 1980-1984
- 20 pesos 1985-1990
- 20 new pesos 1993-1995
- 10 pesos 1955-1956
- 10 pesos 1974-1977
- 10 pesos 1978-1985
- 10 pesos 1985-1990
- 10 new pesos 1992-1995
- 10 pesos since 1997
- 5 pesos 1947-1948
- 5 pesos 1951-1954
- 5 pesos 1953
- 5 pesos 1955-1957
- 5 pesos 1971-1978
- 5 pesos 1980-1985
- 5 pesos 1985-1988
- 5 new pesos 1992-1995
- 5 pesos since 1997
- 2 new pesos 1992-1995
- 2 pesos since 1997
- 1 peso 1910-1914
- 1 peso 1918-1919
- 1 peso 1920-1945
- 1 peso 1947-1949
- 1 peso 1950
- 1 peso 1957-1967
- 1 peso 1970-1983
- 1 peso 1984-1987
- 1 new peso 1992-1995
- 1 peso since 1997
- 50 centavos 1905-1918
- 50 centavos 1918-1919
- 50 centavos 1919-1945
- 50 centavos 1935
- 50 centavos 1950-1951
- 50 centavos 1955-1959
- 50 centavos 1964-1969
- 50 centavos 1970-1983
- 50 centavos 1983
- 50 centavos 1992-2009
- 50 centavos since 2009
- 25 centavos 1950-1953
- 25 centavos 1964-1966
- 20 centavos 1905-1914
- 20 centavos 1919
- 20 centavos 1920-1935
- 20 centavos 1920-1943
- 20 centavos 1943-1955
- 20 centavos 1955-1971
- 20 centavos 1971-1974
- 20 centavos 1974-1983
- 20 centavos 1983-1984
- 20 centavos 1993-2009
- 20 centavos since 2009
- 10 centavos 1905-1914
- 10 centavos 1919
- 10 centavos 1919-1925
- 10 centavos 1925-1935
- 10 centavos 1936-1946
- 10 centavos 1955-1967
- 10 centavos 1974-1980
- 10 centavos 1993-2009
- 10 centavos since 2009
- 5 centavos 1905-1914
- 5 centavos 1914-1935
- 5 centavos 1936-1942
- 5 centavos 1942-1955
- 5 centavos 1950
- 5 centavos 1954-1969
- 5 centavos 1970-1976
- 5 centavos 1992-2002
- 2 centavos 1905-1941
- 1 centavo 1905-1949
- 1 centavo 1950-1969
- 1 centavo 1970-1973

- 500 pesos 1985 Revolution of 1910
- 200 pesos 1985 Revolution of 1910
- 200 pesos 1985 Independence
- 25 pesos 1968 Olympic
- 25 pesos 1972 Benito Juárez
- 20 pesos 2000-2001 Señor del Fuego
- 20 pesos 2014 Veracruz
- 20 pesos 2015 Morelos
- 20 pesos 2016 Plan DN-III-E
- 20 pesos 2017 Political Constitution
- 10 pesos 1960 War of Independence
- 10 pesos 2000-2001 Millennium
- 10 pesos 2012 Battle of Puebla
- 5 pesos 1953 Hidalgo
- 5 pesos 1959 Garranza
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